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Specializing Large Language Models to Simulate Survey Response Distributions for Global Populations (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Prior work has focused on using large language models to simulate human behaviors . but, LLMs are known to generate erroneous, stereotypical, or overconfident answers .
Approach: They propose to specialize large language models for simulating survey response distributions by first-token probabilities.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms other methods and zero-shot classifiers on unseen questions, countries, and a completely unseened survey.

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